Land use can be planned once there is an agreed volcanic hazards map to use as a basis. It is still difficult to predict in the long term the timing and scale of future eruptions. Many LEDCs do not possess the maps and past records necessary to produce accurate hazard assessments, but where they do exist they can be used to plan land-uses which avoid high risk areas or would result in reduced economic losses. These need to be enforced through legislation and education of the public. The Orting case study is an excellent example.